Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in women and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), play critical roles in cancer invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, making them attractive therapeutic targets. Theaflavin, a major polyphenolic compound derived from black tea (Camellia sinensis), has demonstrated anticancer properties, notably through modulation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and suppression of MMP expression. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory potential of theaflavin against MMP-2 and MMP-9 in breast cancer using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The ligand and receptor structures were obtained from PubChem and the Protein Data Bank (PDB), respectively. Molecular docking was conducted using AutoDock to predict binding affinities and identify key residue interactions. Thereafter, 200-nanosecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed using Assisted Model Building with Energy Refinement (AMBER), employing the leap-frog integrator and Linear Constraint Solver (LINCS) constraints to evaluate the dynamic stability of the ligand-protein complexes. Binding free energies were further assessed through Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) analysis to estimate thermodynamic contributions to ligand binding. Docking results revealed that theaflavin exhibited a stronger binding affinity toward MMP-9 (-11.91 kcal/mol) compared to MMP-2 (-10.11 kcal/mol), although favorable binding interactions were observed with both targets. In the MMP-9 active site, theaflavin formed stable interactions with key catalytic residues, including HIS226, HIS230, HIS236, and GLU227 within the MMP-9 active site. Theaflavin also demonstrated stable binding within the MMP-2 active site, supporting its potential inhibitory activity against this gelatinase. MD simulations further confirmed the superior stability of the theaflavin-MMP-9 complex, as evidenced by consistent root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) fluctuations, compact conformational profiles, and favorable solvent accessibility. MM-GBSA calculations further validated these findings, indicating significant van der Waals and electrostatic contributions to complex stabilization. In addition, predictive toxicity analysis was performed to evaluate the safety profile of theaflavin relative to the native ligands. Hence, theaflavin demonstrates inhibitory potential against both MMP-2 and MMP-9, with stronger and more stable interactions observed for MMP-9, suggesting its role as a promising natural compound for breast cancer therapy. These computational findings support the potential of theaflavin as a candidate for further in vitro and in vivo studies targeting matrix metalloproteinase-driven breast cancer progression.